Genes and Nutrition

Each of us is metabolically unique. Gene variations known as SNPs (single nucleotide polymorphisms) often are a factor in an individual’s ability to metabolize or use nutrients efficiently. Each of our specific nutrient needs is affected by which specific combination of SNPs we have, but with thousands known to impact nutrition metabolism, how do we know what those needs are?

NRI researchers are working to create a “catalog” of SNPs that alter our nutritional needs by understanding how genetic and other complex biological information can be used to better estimate individual nutrition requirements and intolerances. Our scientists use bioinformatics to extract such information from population and intervention studies, develop rules for predicting individual needs, and bring precision nutrition to health care providers and consumers with digital tools.

Publications

 

Genes and Nutrition Publications

2020

Genetic variants affecting bone mineral density and bone mineral content at multiple skeletal sites in Hispanic children.  Voruganti VS

Precision (Personalized) Nutrition: Understanding Metabolic Heterogeneity.  Zeisel S

2019

DNA methylation in mice is influenced by genetics as well as sex and life experience.  French J

Cytosolic 10-formyltetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase regulates glycine metabolism in mouse liver.  Krupenko S

Deleterious mutations in ALDH1L2 suggest a novel cause for neuro-ichthyotic syndrome.  Krupenko S

Fine mapping and identification of serum urate loci in American Indians: The Strong Heart Family Study.  Voruganti VS

Heterogeneity in Metabolic Responses to Dietary Fructose.  Voruganti VS

Genetic analysis of hsCRP in American Indians: The Strong Heart Family Study.  Voruganti VS

A trans-ancestral meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies reveals loci associated with childhood obesity.  Voruganti VS

Healthy dietary patterns and risk and survival of breast cancer: a meta-analysis of cohort studies.  Voruganti VS

Omega-3 Fatty Acids and Genome-Wide Interaction Analyses Reveal DPP10-Pulmonary Function Association.  Voruganti VS

Betaine-homocysteine S-methyltransferase deficiency causes increased susceptibility to noise-induced hearing loss associated with plasma hyperhomocysteinemia.  Zeisel S

MicroRNA-129-5p is regulated by choline availability and controls EGF receptor synthesis and neurogenesis in the cerebral cortex.  Zeisel S

2018

Introduction to mammalian genome special issue: the combined role of genetics and environment relevant to human disease outcomes.  French J

C16-ceramide is a natural regulatory ligand of p53 in cellular stress response.  Krupenko N

Metabolic Phenotype of Wild-Type and As3mt-Knockout C57BL/6J Mice Exposed to Inorganic Arsenic: The Role of Dietary Fat and Folate Intake.  Krupenko S

Nutritional Genomics of Cardiovascular Disease.  Voruganti VS

Genetic determinants of BMI from early childhood to adolescence: the Santiago Longitudinal Study.  Voruganti VS

Genetic Variants Related to Cardiometabolic Traits Are Associated to B Cell Function, Insulin Resistance, and Diabetes Among AmeriCan Indians: The Strong Heart Family Study.  Voruganti VS

Meta-analysis across Cohorts for Heart and Aging Research in Genomic Epidemiology (CHARGE) consortium provides evidence for an association of serum vitamin D with pulmonary function.  Voruganti VS

Serum Lipid Concentrations and FADS Genetic Variants in Young Mexican College Students: The UP-AMIGOS Cohort Study.  Voruganti VS

Arsenic-gene interactions and beta-cell function in the Strong Heart Family Study.  Voruganti VS

Dietary Modulation of the Epigenome.  Zeisel S

2017

NTP Research Report on Absence of Formaldehyde-Induced Neoplasia in Trp53 Haploinsufficient Mice Exposed by Inhalation: Research Report 3 [Internet].  French J

QTL Mapping and Identification of Candidate Genes in DO Mice: A Use Case Model Derived from a Benzene Toxicity Experiment.  French J

Heterogeneity of p53 dependent genomic responses following ethanol exposure in a developmental mouse model of fetal alcohol spectrum disorder.  Mooney S

Exome sequencing reveals novel genetic loci influencing obesity-related traits in Hispanic children.  Voruganti VS

Genetic variation underlying renal uric acid excretion in Hispanic children: the Viva La Familia Study.  Voruganti VS

Reduced brain volume and impaired memory in betaine homocysteine S-methyltransferase knockout mice.  Zeisel S

Betaine is accumulated via transient choline dehydrogenase activation during mouse oocyte meiotic maturation.  Zeisel S

Deletion of one allele of Mthfd1 (methylenetetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase 1) impairs learning in mice.  Zeisel S

Choline, Other Methyl-Donors and Epigenetics.  Zeisel S

Choline and its metabolites are differently associated with cardiometabolic risk factors, history of cardiovascular disease, and MRI-documented cerebrovascular disease in older adults.  Zeisel S

Altered methylation of specific DNA loci in the liver of Bhmt-null mice results in repression of Iqgap2 and F2rl2 and is associated with development of preneoplastic foci.  Zeisel S

2016

CerS6 Is a Novel Transcriptional Target of p53 Protein Activated by Non-genotoxic Stress.  Krupenko N

Genotype, B-vitamin status, and androgens affect spaceflight-induced ophthalmic changes.  Zeisel S

Related News

October Faculty Focus: Saroja Voruganti, PhD

October 17, 2018 – Saroja Voruganti, PhD, has covered a lot of ground in her journey to becoming a faculty researcher in nutrition, genetics, and epidemiology at the UNC Nutrition Research Institute. Born into a traditional south Indian family, she grew up in Delhi in northern India where she graduated with an undergraduate degree in nutrition. Then she married and moved to western India. Even as she focused on marriage, home, and raising a family in the traditional Indian way of life, she kept alive her dream of pursuing advanced studies and contributing outside of family life.

Choline in Human Milk Plays a Crucial Role in Infant Memory

October 3, 2018 – Choline is present in human milk, and is especially important for fetal and infant development [2,3]. “The hint that choline is important for infant development comes from the fact that in human milk, the supply of choline remains constant across the first year of life,” says Professor Carol Cheatham from the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Other important nutrients, such as docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), are present in large quantities initially, but often level off after a few months.

Culinary twist: Healthy food that helps the community

September 28, 2018 – Good Bowls taps into the UNC innovation network and brings locally sourced meals to lower-income consumers. Social innovation is nothing new at the University of North Carolina at Chapel-Hill. And using its long history of social innovation as a cornerstone, one UNC venture is blazing a trail to improve community health. If you haven’t already heard of Good Bowls, you will.

Celebrating a Decade of Nutrition Discoveries

September 28, 2018 – This October, the NRI proudly marks its tenth anniversary of delving into the science of Precision Nutrition. What began in 2008 with two faculty members and a supporting staff of nine is, today, a bustling center of scientific inquiry and discovery with a staff of 82, which includes 16 principal investigators.

Leptin’s Role in Cancer Susceptibility

August 30, 2018 – While the link between obesity and breast cancer risk is well known, the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. Obesity alters many conditions in cells and within the body, and it is not easy to determine which of these conditions are important to the obesity-cancer link. Consequently, it is very difficult to identify potential therapeutic targets.

Cheatham Lab Memory Game Pilot Study

August 30, 2018 – The Cheatham Nutrition & Cognition Lab at the NRI is undertaking a new pilot study with 12- and 24-month-old children called the Memory Game Pilot Study. In this study the lab seeks to validate the props used in the elicited imitation paradigm, a nonverbal means of assessing recall memory in preverbal children. The props, which have been designed and produced in the Cheatham lab, will be implemented with a group of young children of the same ages in an already-planned, collaborative study with Emory University.